Core drilling rig extract intact rock samples for geology, mining and engineering surveys, categorized by mobility, drive, power and usage. By chassis: Portable split rigs are lightweight for remote mountain shallow coring. Skid-mounted units suit flat fixed sites. Crawler rigs feature strong off-road capacity for muddy, sloped lands. Truck-mounted models enable fast highway transfers for linear infrastructure projects. By drive type: Traditional spindle rigs are low-cost for shallow holes. Choosing the right core drill rig configuration is essential, as full hydraulic top drive rigs deliver high torque and support wireline coring for deep hard rock, while rotary table machines handle large-diameter and horizontal drilling. Power sources include diesel for field areas without grid power, electric for low-noise urban and underground mines, and explosion-proof pneumatic rigs for gassy coal roadways. Technically, wireline rigs boost deep-hole efficiency by retrieving cores without pulling full drill rods. Triple-tube tools preserve loose broken rock samples, while percussion-rotary rigs break ultra-hard granite and basalt. Classified by depth: Light rigs for under 150m geotechnical sampling, medium rigs for 150–600m mineral prospecting, heavy hydraulic rigs for over 600m ultra-deep geological exploration.